NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Canadian Space Agency have joined to share resources and expertise on three future science missions to Mars. In three separate robotic missions (the first in 2016), both agencies will study the possibility of past life on the Red Planet, as well as test communications relays and other geochemical and biological mysteries. The third mission, in the 2020’s, will return to Earth a sample taken from the Martian surface. Canada will co-develop the MATMOS instrument onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter.